Sexual education

Complete HIV/AIDS lesson plans and instructions


the link: http://<b>http://www.avert.org/media...essons.pdf</b>

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Lesson plans for HIV/AIDS education with young people

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the link: Lessons and Activity Plans

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A basic programme with only limited time might consist of:

Lesson 1 The AIDS Quiz (Facts)
Lesson 2 Transmission Runaround (Transmission)
Lesson 3 Ten Differences (Attitudes)



1. The AIDS Quiz

1. Does HIV only affect gay people?

• Yes
• No
• Only gay men
• Only gay women

2. Approx. how many people are infected with HIV world wide?

• 3.5 million
• 25 million
• 40 million

3. How can you tell if somebody has HIV or AIDS?

• Because of the way they act
• They look tired and ill
• You cannot tell

4. Can you get AIDS from sharing the cup of an infected person?

• No
• Yes
• Only if you don't wash the cup.

5. Which protects you most against HIV infection?

• Contraceptive Pills
• Condoms
• Spermicide Jelly

6. What are the specific symptoms of AIDS?

• A rash from head to toe
• You look tired and ill.
• There are no specific symptoms of AIDS

7. HIV is a…

• Virus
• Bacteria
• Fungus

8. Can insects transmit HIV?

• Yes
• No
• Only mosquitoes

9. Is there a cure for AIDS?

• Yes
• Only available on prescription
• No

10. When is World AIDS Day held?

• 1st January
• 1st June
• 1st December

11. Is there a difference between HIV and AIDS?

• Yes
• No
• Not very much

12. Approximately what percentage of those infected with HIV are women?

• 19%
• 50%
• 74%

13. Worldwide, what is the age range most infected with HIV?

• 0-14 years old
• 15-24 years old
• 25-34 years old

14. Is it possible to prevent a women infected with HIV from having an infected baby?

• Yes
• No
• Only is she takes a special drug

15. Are extra large condoms....

• Wider
• Longer
• Both

Quiz Questions Answer Sheet

1. No
2. 40 million
3. You cannot tell
4. No
5. Condoms
6. There are no specific symptons of AIDS
7. Virus
8. No
9. No
10. 1st December
11. Yes
12. 50%
13. 15-24 years old
14. Only if she takes a special drug
15. Both

There are more quizzes in the quizzes section of this site.



2. Transmission Runaround


True/False Question Sheet

1. You can become infected with HIV by sleeping around.
2. Injecting drugs will give you HIV.
3. You can get HIV from toilet seats.
4. If you are fit and healthy you won't become infected with HIV.
5. Married people don't become infected with HIV.
6. If you stick with one partner you won't become infected with HIV.
7. Women are safe from HIV as long as they use a contraceptive.
8. You can become infected with HIV from sharing toothbrushes.
9. If you have sex with people who look healthy, you won't become infected with HIV.
10. If you only have sex with people you know, you won't become infected with HIV.
11. Anal sex between two men is more risky than anal sex between a man and a woman.
12. You can become infected with HIV from kissing.
13. A man can become infected with HIV if he has oral sex with a woman.
14. A woman can become infected with HIV if she has oral sex with a man.
15. Condoms can stop you becoming infected with HIV.

True/False Answer Sheet

1. Sleeping around is not in itself risky, but having unprotected sex with an infected person is. By using condoms properly and by avoiding sex with penetration, you can substantially reduce the risk of infection.
2. Only if the needle or syringe previously has been contaminated with HIV.
3. There are no known cases of HIV infection via toilet seats.
4. It does not matter how healthy or unhealthy you are, if you engage in risky activities you stand a chance of being infected.
5. This depends on the partners involved, what they did before they met, whether either has unprotected sex outside of the marriage or injects drugs using contaminated equipment. Marriage by itself offers no guarantees of safety.
6. As for No 5.
7. Only condoms offer women protection against HIV, and even condoms cannot offer complete safety. Other forms of contraception do not offer protection from HIV.
8. There is no evidence of transmission via this route, but it is sensible not to share toothbrushes for general health reasons.
9. Most people with HIV will look perfectly healthy. Looks are therefore a useless way of assessing risk.
10. Knowing someone well offers no reliable guide to whether or not they have HIV infection.
11. Anal sex is equally risky regardless of whether it takes place between two men or a man and a woman.
12. There is no evidence of transmission in this way, although kissing when there are sores or cuts in the mouth may pose some risk.
13. HIV is present in cervical and vaginal secretions as well as in (menstrual) blood, so there is the possibility of transmission this way.
14. HIV is present in semen so there is a possibility of transmission in this way.
15. Condoms used properly will help to prevent transmission of HIV from an infected partner to an uninfected partner. Condoms are not 100% safe though. Use a lubricant which is water based, as oil based lubricants can weaken the condom. When buying condoms check the 'sell by' date

3. Ten Differences


Aims

This exercise encourages individuals to think clearly about the effects of prejudice on other people's lives.
What you will need

Chairs in a circle
Copies of the 'Build a Character Questionnaire' - allow for one between 4 or 5 people Paper and pens for each group member
Time: about 60 minutes, depending on the size of the group.
What you do

1. Ask participants to divide into groups of 4 or 5, and hand out pens and one ' Build a Character Questionnaire' to each group
2. Ask groups to complete the questionnaire, thus building a character. Allow about 10 minutes for this.
3. Ask the small groups to imagine that their character is infected with HIV and to list 10 ways in which life will be different for the character because of this. Allow 10-15 minutes for this
4. Reassemble the group as a whole and ask each individual to say briefly whether anything unexpected occurred to them and how they felt whilst doing this exercise.

Likely outcomes

This exercise sparks off lively discussion about prejudice. It can help identify any prejudiced beliefs which the group find it hard to let go of, and which require more thought and discussion.
Build a character questionnaire

1. Name: ������������
2. Age: ������������
3. Male/Female (Circle)
4. Who does ����������. live with? (parents, relations, other adults, other young people)
5. Who are ����������.. friends? �����������������������������.
6. Does ����������� have a girl/boy friend? Yes/No (circle).
   If yes what is their name?���������������
7. Does ���������������� have a job? Yes/No (circle) If so what is it doing? �����������������..
8. What does ��������������do during leisure time?(sport, clubs, visit friends, listen to music, spend time with family) ����������������������������.
9. What is ���������,
   favourite music �����������������,
   favourite food �����������������,
   favourite TV programme ���������������.

Talking about Predjudice

Aims

To encourage thought and discussion about prejudice and stereotyping. To examine the scapegoating of different minority groups and negative reactions towards HIV and AIDS.
What you will need

Large sheets of paper and pens. Time -about 35-45 minutes, depending on the size of the group.
What you do

1. Ask the participants to divide into groups of four or five and give each group a large piece of paper and some pens.
2. Each group should then be asked to write a word in the centre of the paper. Half of the groups should write the word 'Prejudice' and the other half the word 'AIDS'.
3. The groups are then asked to brainstorm as many words as they can which they associate with the title word. These words should be written in clusters around the title word.
4. Bring the whole group back together. Those groups who were allocated the word 'AIDS' should go through the words they came up with during their brainstorm. These words should be written up clearly for all the participants to see. When this is completed, the process should be repeated for the word 'Prejudice'.
5. Encourage the participants to look for any similarities and draw parallels between the two lists.
   Useful questions to pose might include
   • What stereotypes do people associate with HIV and AIDS and prejudice against different groups?
   • What media reporting do people find helpful and unhelpful?
   • Which groups are most likely to experience prejudice?
   • How are countries in other parts of the world portrayed in reports on HIV and AIDS?
   • What does prejudice play in talking about HIV and AIDS?

Likely Outcomes

The participants may come up with words such as 'stereotypes', 'media', and 'racism'. With the facilitator's help participants will begin to draw parallels between some processes which underpin beliefs about HIV and AIDS, and prejudice.

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btw tht was the last post focussing on HIV aids in particular, feel free to post any inquiries u may still have regarding HIV aids

next up: teens

Having sex for the first time


There can be lot of pressure to lose your virginity - that is, to have sexual intercourse for the first time. Having sex with someone just because you want to lose your virginity, or because you think all your friends are doing it, is something you may regret later.
You might feel lots of anxieties, especially the first time you 'go all the way' - have sex. You may feel embarrassed about how you look without your clothes on, or worried about your privacy being disturbed. It's natural to feel some worries but good communication will really help to prevent you feeling embarrassed or worried. You should be able to talk to your partner about how you feel about having sex for the first time, and about any concerns you may have. Your partner might be worried, too. Being relaxed and able to share things with your partner will really ease the tension. And if you're too shy, or you're not able to talk about these things with your partner - then you probably shouldn't be having sex!
Having sexual intercourse - when a boy's hard penis goes inside a girl's vagina, or even just touches the outside of her vagina - is what leads to pregnancy. So, before having sexual intercourse you should think about whether you need to use contraception to prevent unwanted pregnancy, and condoms to prevent Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs).



Can a girl become pregnant the first time she has sex?

Yes, a girl can become pregnant the first time she has sexual intercourse. So, you must use contraception the first time you have sexual intercourse, if you don't want to risk becoming a parent.



What about the law?

The age of consent, that is the age at which it is legal to have sex, depends on which country you are in, and in the United States the law is different in different states (see age of consent page for further details).
In England and Wales, the law says it's illegal for a boy or a girl to have sex with a girl or a boy who is under sixteen.



Sex and love

For some people sexual feelings are bound up with love and close relationships. Some people think sex should only happen within marriage. For some people sex and love are two different things.
What is important is that you feel good about yourself and what you are doing, and that you keep yourself safe. Being safe means not only thinking about physical risks such as pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). But also emotional risk such as the regret you may feel afterwards.



When are you ready for sex?

There is no absolute right age to start having sex. What matters is whether it is the right time for you. It also depends on what you mean by 'having sex'. There are many ways in which you can give and receive sexual pleasure without having sexual intercourse.
Giving each other massages, kissing and hugging can be very passionate. It's a way of sharing and showing love. For some people these activities can be more fulfilling than sexual intercourse.
You get pressure from people talking about sex. You think, 'I've got to go and see what it's like'. It's hard, but you've got to resist and do what you want.
It's very important not to feel pressurised into having sex when you don't really want to. Just because your friends say they are 'doing it' doesn't mean they are.
Thinking through all the implications of having sex can be a useful way of helping you arrive at a decision. There are lots of reasons why people don't want to have sex. You may feel that you are not ready emotionally. Being pushed into having sex could mean you regret it later on. Some people have quite strong religious or cultural beliefs. Others just want to wait.
Some people call this decision to wait 'abstinence'. The decision to abstain from having sex can be either a long-term decision or a short-term one. Some people decide that they do not want to start having sex until they are married or in a significant long-term relationship. Other people may decide that having sex isn't the right thing for them at this particular time. Later on they may meet a person who they want and feel ready to have sex with. The decision whether to have sex or not is an important one. You should do what is right for you. It should be an informed decision, and not one based on fear or pressure from others.
But when a boy and girl do decide they want to have sexual intercourse, they should think about using a contraceptive unless they want to become parents. Gay men should also think about using condoms. Condoms can help stop infections like HIV as well as reducing the risk of getting pregnant.

If you're thinking about having sex, why not read our ten question checklist to help you decide if you're ready?



How exactly do you have sexual intercourse? What position is best?

Sexual intercourse between a boy and a girl starts with both of them getting sexually excited as a result of kissing, stroking, caressing rubbing and touching each other. This sexual excitement will result in certain physical signs of sexual excitement. For the girl, the vagina, the sexual opening between the legs begins to moisten. The boy will get an erection, which means his penis will get bigger and harden. It is important that this stimulation goes on for long enough, because if the girl is not sexually excited enough, then her vagina will not be lubricated and moist enough, and it will be difficult for the boy's penis to enter the girl's vagina.
When the couple are both ready to have sexual intercourse (and this includes the boy putting a condom on if he is going to use one), it is probably easiest if either the boy or the girl uses their hand to guide the penis into the vagina. Then, once the penis is inside, the couple need to move their bodies so that the penis pushes into the vagina and then pulls partly out again. After a while this movement can lead to orgasm (coming or climaxing) for one or both of them.
There are quite a number of different positions in which you can have sexual intercourse. One very common position involves both the boy and the girl lying down, with the boy lying on top (This is often referred to as the missionary position). Alternatively the girl can be on top or both the boy and the girl can lie on their sides. It is probably easiest to choose one of these positions if you are having sexual intercourse for the first time. However, you can also have sexual intercourse with both the boy and the girl sitting down, one on the other, or both can be standing up. What is most important about whichever position you choose, is that it provides stimulation and enjoyment for both of you.



Will it hurt the first time?

Many boys and girls are concerned that it will hurt the first time they have sexual intercourse. It can hurt and some girls do bleed a little bit. The bleeding usually occurs because the girl has a hymen which breaks the first time she has sexual intercourse.
The hymen is a small piece of thin skin which goes across the opening of the vagina and protects it when she is young. It has some gaps in it where the blood can come out when she has her period. Sometimes a girl might already have broken her hymen without knowing about it. For example, this can happen as a result of playing sports or horse riding.
AVERT.org has more information about having sex for the first time and losing your virginity.



Some accounts from young people




At their house

I lost my virginity when I was 13 and I still am 13 today. It hurt bad and I was so scared. I knew I couldn't tell anyone except my friend who was there. The worst part of my story is that the guy was 18. This is how my story goes.
One night I stayed the night at my friend's house. We were talking to these guys I had only known for like a couple of months. They said that they would come and pick us up from her apartment. So we got ready and then they came. I didn't think that anything would happen because I had gone and hung-out with them before at their house. But this time it was different. My whole life was about to change.
When we got to their house we just hung out and watched T.V. Then I laid on his bed and he jumped on me while my friend and his brother were watching a movie and making out. He started to finger me and then all the sudden I realize I am having sex. I think what made me not say no was because my friend had already had it and I wanted to, but I didn't think it would ever happen in a million years and especially when my friend and his brother were in the room.
Well me and my friend haven't told anyone and I am too scared to say anything to anyone because I don't want people to think I am a hoe or I am easy or anything. But now I have to live with the guilt of not being able to tell my mom or anyone at that. Me and my mom have talked about sex and I said that I would never do it unless I was like older but I lied to myself and my mom. It made and still makes me feel so bad. I feel like kind of dirty now, but I think eventually I will get over it in time.





Deciding to wait

"When we'd been going out a while everyone started treating us like a couple. People assume because you're going out you have to do everything together. And, once you're an item its only a matter of time before they assume that you're having sex.
But you see, we've sort of decided to wait a bit longer before we do it. I mean, we have kissed and felt each other and all that sort of thing, you know, maybe just going a little bit further each time, and sometimes I have just wanted to get it over with. You know, the first time - I've heard people say, 'you might as well get it over with, it isn't very good so why wait?"



Simon
"I'd known Simon for ages, but it wasn't until Year 11 that we started going out. That was two years ago now and we've been together ever since. After about a year we both felt we wanted to have sex, go all the way. We'd nearly done it anyway what with all the snogging and fumbling we'd done on sofas and at discos. Because we were friends and talked a lot we talked about sex too.
I know we were both really nervous, but talking and laughing really helped. Plus we were able to make sure nothing drastic happened. Although we loved each other loads we certainly didn't want a baby at seventeen or to put our health at risk. So we went together to the clinic, sorted things out so that there wouldn't be any worries.
We made sure we picked the right time and the right place too. It would have been awful for someone to walk in on us, during our private time. What was it like? - Well it's difficult to describe because I'd never felt anything like it before really. I'd had orgasms through masturbation before, but sharing yourself with someone you love and respect was really good. It brought us closer together."





A great party?

"I was round at Terry's. It was a great party. Loads of people were there. I was just standing around with my mate Steve and I see this girl over his shoulder. She smiles at me, right, so I give it the business. You know, I talk to Steve but every now and then laugh really loud and look at her again, smiling loads. She kept smiling back, so I moved in. We get talking and everything's going fine. She laughed at my jokes. Next thing I know she's looking at me all soppy and we kiss. Then it all got out of control. She's whispering to me to come upstairs - you know - and I said, 'you go on, I'll come in a minute, I've got to go to the loo first', or something.
Anyway she goes off and Steve comes over. He's really excited, going on about 'taking my chances' and "having it off'. I didn't know what to say. I mean I was really excited about the kiss still and he's saying that I must be a right stud to pull a girl like that. It is true, I have had lots of girlfriends but it doesn't mean I'm experienced. I mean, I'm really good at the chatting up and smooth-talking but I've never actually done it. Slept with someone. But I couldn't tell him that could I?
Anyway I went upstairs, and found her in the bedroom, with all the lights off on top of a pile of coats. She had taken off half her clothes. I had been intending to say something. All the way upstairs I'd been thinking, 'tell her, tell her you're a virgin.' But how could I? I just knew she thought I wanted to have sex. I was thinking, 'I don't want it like this, what about protection and that?'
It was awful, looking back, but I did it. I fumbled around and we were hardly talking so eventually, after a bit of wrestling I got it in and it lasted about 10 seconds. I just got dressed and left. I kept thinking, 'well I've done it but what could it have been like?'"

AVERT.org has loads more information for teens about sexuality, HIV and STDs.
More first time stories can be found in the stories section. If you are a young person and you would like to tell us your views about sex, or about a relationship you have had, then please do email us with what you would like to say.


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the source: Having sex for the first time

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Thats great informations